Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo
Received 28 May, 2024 |
Accepted 04 Jul, 2024 |
Published 05 Jul, 2024 |
Background and Objective: Cashew tree cultivation is currently booming in Togo and their nuts are Togo’s fourth most important agricultural export. A study was initiated to draw up an inventory of cashew fungal diseases and determine their epidemiological parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty two cashew orchards were surveyed, with eight orchards per prefecture. Twenty trees per orchard were randomly selected along the diagonals and inspected. Incidence was defined as the proportion of cashew trees showing symptoms of a fungal disease. Severity was assessed on an arbitrary five-grade scale by assigning quality values to infected organs. The severity index was determined by a mathematical formula. Prevalence was the proportion of localities affected by a fungal disease per prefecture. Results: Eight fungal diseases were inventoried, including anthracnose, black rust, bud dieback, yellow leaf spot, pestalotiosis, powdery mildew, gummosis and ramularia. Incidence and severity index were 61.09 and 36.56%, respectively for pestalotiosis, 38.12 and 20.16% for leaf anthracnose, 35.62 and 14.84% for yellow leaf spot and 30.47 and 20.46% for bud dieback. The prevalence of anthracnose leaf spot was the most widespread (96.88%), followed by yellow leaf spot (84.38%), pestalotiosis (84.38%) and black rust (81.25%). Conclusion: Because of the impact of these fungal diseases, it would be necessary to use phytosanitary products, improve agricultural practices and introduce more resistant cashew cultivars for new cashew orchards.
How to Cite this paper?
APA-7 Style
Domedjui,
K.L., Gbogbo,
K.A., Kpemoua,
K.E., Folega,
F., Kanda,
M., Akpavi,
S., Dourma,
M., Batawila,
K., Akpagana,
K. (2024). Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 18(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2024.49.58
ACS Style
Domedjui,
K.L.; Gbogbo,
K.A.; Kpemoua,
K.E.; Folega,
F.; Kanda,
M.; Akpavi,
S.; Dourma,
M.; Batawila,
K.; Akpagana,
K. Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo. Asian J. Plant Pathol. 2024, 18, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2024.49.58
AMA Style
Domedjui
KL, Gbogbo
KA, Kpemoua
KE, Folega
F, Kanda
M, Akpavi
S, Dourma
M, Batawila
K, Akpagana
K. Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2024; 18(1): 49-58. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2024.49.58
Chicago/Turabian Style
Domedjui, Komi, Lucien, Koffi Apeti Gbogbo, Kossi Essotina Kpemoua, Fousséni Folega, Madouma Kanda, Sêmihinva Akpavi, Marra Dourma, Komlan Batawila, and Koffi Akpagana.
2024. "Epidemiology of the Major Fungal Diseases of Cashew Tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Togo" Asian Journal of Plant Pathology 18, no. 1: 49-58. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2024.49.58
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